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lg È. wer,d lshkakæ |
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10 |
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Tn hï fohlg wleue;skï th fjkia lrkak' tfiaa neßkï
Tfí wdl,amh fjkia lrkak'
Tng we;af;aa tlu tl iskyjla muKlau kï th fyda Tn
wdorh lrk ñksiqkag fokak'
wdorh ndOdjka fkdy÷khs'th lvq¨ u;ska jegj,a u;ska
mksñka mjqre neñ midre lrf.k n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjka msÍ
.sh tys .ukdka;hg <Õdfjhs'
lsisfjl=g fkdlS l;djla Tn ;=, ordf.k isàu ;rï n,.;=
fõokdjla ;j;a ke;'
wm fndfyda mrdchkag uqyqKfokq we;' tfy;a wm mrdch úh
hq;= ke;' |
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jpk hkq kslïu lvodis u; ,shefjk foaa muKlau fkdfõ'
tAjd b;d .eUqre w¾:hka is;g ldjoaokq msKsi ñksia
lgy~ iu. uqiqù ths' |
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udhd wekafcf,da |
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^1928- & |
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1928 wfm%aa,a 4 jkÈk ñiQß ys§ Wmka ud.ßÜ
wEka fcdkafidka fyj;a udhd wekafcf,da
m%lg wefußldkq lsú¢hls' tlsfklg fjkia
jD;a;Ska .Kkdjl kshq;= jQ udhd
wekafcf,da ks<shla" k¾:k Ys,amskshla"
udOHfõÈkshla" rEmjdyskS ksIamdÈldjla
fukau Ñ;%mg wOHIsldjla f,io lghq;= l,dh'
tfukau weh isú,a whs;sjdislï ioydjQ
fmruqfKaa l%shdldÍ idudðldjla jQ w;r
wdpd¾h ud¾áka Æ;¾ lska.a f.aa ol=Kq
l%sia;shdks kdhl;aj iuq¿fõ ixúOdhl jßhla
f,io lghq;= l,dh'
úúO Ëaa;%hka ys weh úiska olajk ,o oialï
ksid weh f.!rj Wmdëka ;sylska msÿï
,enqjdh' tfukau 1971 jif¾§ weh úiska rÑ;
Just Give Me a Cool Drink of Water
before I die
kï lD;sh Wfoid mq,sÜi¾ iïukh ioyd wef.aa
ku fhdackd úh'
1993 j¾Ifhaa§ ckdêm;s ì,a la,skagka f.aa
iudrïNl Wf<f,aa§ weh ish
On The Pulse Of Morning
kï lúh .dhkd l,dh' óg fmr fujeks Nd.Hhla
,enqfõ ;j;a m%lg lúfhl= jk frdn¾Ü
f*%diaÜ h' tA 1961 j¾Ifhaa ckdêm;s
fcdaka t*a flkä f.aa iudrïNl Wf<f,§h'
1969 j¾Ifhaa§ t<s oelajqkq wehf.aa
I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings
kï lD;sh ksid weh idys;H Ëaa;%fhaa
wdkafoda,kd;aul pß;hla njg m;a úh'
wehf.aa rpkd fY,sh fndfydaúg iajhx
pß;dmodk ,laIK oelajqjo th wfkl=;a iajhx
pß;dmodk lD;Ska j,g jvd fjkia úh'
wehf.aa lD;Ska we;eï mdie,a j,
ks¾foaaYs; .%ka: j,g we;=,;a jqjo we;eï
;eka j,§ oeä úfõpkhg iy ;ykug mjd ,laúh'
fï ishjfiaa my< jqkq úYsIaG;u
ks¾udKlrejka w;rg .efkk udhd wekafcf,da
oekg W;=re le,sf*dakshdfõ fõla f*driaÜ
úYajúoHdhf,aa b.ekaùfï lghq;= j, kshe,S
isák w;r úáka úg f,dj jgd hñka ish oekqu
f,dalhd yuqfõ fnod §ugo lghq;= lrkakSh'
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09 |
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pß;h .ila jkafkaakï lS¾;sh tys
Pdhdj fjhs' wms Pdhdj .ek is;uq'
kuq;a ienE foh jkafkaa .ihs'
ksy~j isg fudavfhl= f,i
yeÕfjkakg ie,eiaùu jvd;a hym;ah"
l;d lsÍfuka ish¨ iel ÿre lsÍug
jvd'
ñksiqkaf.aa wdKavqjla"
ñksiqkaf.ka m;ajqkq wdKavqjla"
ñksiqka i|ydjk wdKavqjla
lsisÈfkl úkdY l< fkdyelsh'
n,af,l=f.aa j,s.hg ll=,la hehs
lSfjd;a W!g ll=,a lShla ;sfnhso@
myla' ke;' j,s.hg ˜ll=,˜ lSfuka
th lsisÈfkl ll=,la fkdfjkq we;' |
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ksjila ke;s wfhl=g wka whf.aa
ksjdi ì| fy,Sug bv fkdfokak'
kuq;a Tyqg W;aidyjka;j ish ksji
f.dvk.d .kakg bv fokak' túg
f.dvke.+ miq Tyqf.aa ksjig
wk;=rla ke;s nj iy;sl úh yelsh'
Tnf.aa i;=rd Tnf.aa ñ;=rdf.aao
i;=frls' |
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tAn%yï
,skalka |
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wefußldfõ uQ,sl fld,ks oy;=fkka msg
flkagqlS m%dka;fhaa kq.;a f.dú
fouõmshkag odj 1809 § Wmka tAn%yï
,skalka miq lf,l wefußldfõ 16 jk ckdêm;s
f,ig m;afjhs'
l=vdl, b;d oeä wd¾Ól ÿIalr;do ;j;a
wfkaalúO ndOdo ueo ye§jefvk tAn%yï
,skalka iaÓr wOmkhla ,nkafkaa udi 18 l
muK ld,hls' kuq;a Tyq iafjda;aidyfhka
;ksju ish bf.kSfï lghq;= fkdlvjd lrf.k
.sfhaah'
Tyq olaI u,a,jfmdr Y+rfhls' ud¨ nEu iy
ovhu ,skalkag m%sh fkdùh' Tyq i;=kag
wdorh lf,aah' wdydr i|yd fyda i;=ka ueÍu
Tyq ms<sl=,a lf,aah'
1842 § flkagqlSys jy,a ysñ mjq,l ;reKshl
jk fïß fgdâ iu. ,skalka újdy úh'fï
újdyfhka Tjqkg orejka isõfofkls'
,skalka ish foaaYmd,k ðú;h wdrïN
lrkafkaa 1832 § tkï jhi 23§h' Tyqf.aa
foaaYmd,k ðú;ho wdrïNfhaa§ t;rï id¾:l
fkdfjhs' flfiaakuqÿ Tyq ßmí,slka
mlaIfhka chf.k 1860 § trg m%:u ßmí,slka
ckdêm;sjrhdf,i f;aaÍm;afjhs'
Tyqf.aa md,k ld,h ;=,§ jqkq iqúfYaaIS
isÿùï jkafkaa wefußldkq isú,a hqoaOh
wjidk lsÍu;a jy,a fiaajh wfydais
lsÍu;ah' fuu lreKq ksidu Tyq wefußldkq
foaaYmd,kfhaa w.%.kH pß;hla njg m;afjhs'
j¾I 1865§ f*daâ rÕy, ;=,§ fcdaka ú,alsia
nQ;a kï mqoa.,fhl= úiska fuu fY%aaIaG
wefußldkq ckdêm;s jrhd fjä ;nd >d;kh
flreks'
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08 |
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wmf.aa uki iEu úgu iïm%odhka
úiska wdrlaId flfrk l, th Èrdm;a
fjhs'
wms yefudagu m%isoaO mqoa.,hka
ùug wjYHh' hï fudfyd;l wmsg
hful= ùug wjYHfõo t;eka mgka wm
ksoyia ñksiqka fkdfjuq'
wmg .eg¨j ksjerÈj y÷kd .; yelso
tiekskau ms<s;=ro ,efnkq we;'
ms<s;=r flfiaaj;a .eg¨fjka
úhqla; jQjla fkdfjhs'
bf.kSug wjidkhla ke;' th Tn
fmd;la lshjd fyda úNd.hla iu;a
ùfuka fyda fl<jr fkdfjhs' th
Tnf.aa Ôú; ld,h mqrdjgu" Wmf;aa
isg urKh olajdu ÈfjkakdjQ
fkdkj;sk l%shdj,shls' |
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ms<s;=r i|yd we;s n,j;a
leue;af;ka ksoyia ùu .eg¨j yßyeá
f;aareï .ekSug w;HdjYH fjhs' |
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1895 j¾Ifhaa bkaÈhdfõ f;<sÕ= n%dyauK
mjq,l Wmka ðâvq l%sIaKuq¾;s ;=ud
o¾YkjdÈfhl= f,aaLlfhl= fukau wdOHd;añl
.=rejrfhl=o jYfhka m%isoaO úh' Tyqf.aa
mshd tl, ì%;dkH hg;aúð;hlaj ;snQ
bkaÈhdfõ rcfhaa ks,Odßfhl= úh' l=vd l,
YdÍßlj frda.S ;;ajhla fmkajqï l,
l%sIaKuQ¾;s ;=ud udkisljo mSvd úkafoaah'
ksjfiaa§ ish mshdf.kao mdif,aa
.=rejrekaf.kao ksrka;r o~qjï j,g ,laúh'
1907 oS l%sIaKuq¾;s ;=udf.A mshd ish
/lshdfjka úY%du .;af;aah' bkamiq Tyq
tjlg;a idudðl;ajh ,ndisá bkaÈhdkq mru
ú{dkd¾: iud.fï ,smslrefjl= f,i fiaajhg
tlaúh' tu f.dvke.s,a, wdikakfhaa msysá
b;d l=vd fukau wvq myiqlï hgf;aa jQ
ksjil l%sIaKuQ¾;s ;=udf.aa mjqf,aa whg
Ôj;aùug isÿ úh'
fïld,fhaa§ l%sIaKuQ¾;s ;=udg tl, b;d
m%isoaO ;sfhdafidmsl,a jdÈfhl= jQ
iS'ví,sõ f,âîg¾ uqk.eyqks' fuh Tyqf.aa
Ôú;fhaa jeo.;a yuqùula úh' wka wh úiska
YdrSßlj iy udkislj ÿn,fhl= f,i ie,l+ fuu
l=vd orejd i;=j uy;a wdOHd;añl n,hla i;=
nj;a ;ukaf.aa mruú{dk b.ekaùu f,dalhg
f.khEu ioyd wjYH jQ .=rejrhd fuu l=vd
orejdf.ka ;eksh yelsnj;a jgyd .;a f,âîg¾
we;=¨ ;sfhdafidmsl,a jd§yq t;eka mgka
Tyqg ish weiqf¾ .=reyrelï ,ndfokakg úh'
f,âîg¾ g wu;rj tl, mruú{dkd¾: iud.fï
iNdm;sksh jQ wekS fnikaÜ o l%sIaKuQ¾;s
;=udf.aa ðú;hg uy;a n,mEula l, pß;hls'
miqlf,l weh l%sIaKuQ¾;s ;=udf.aa iy
Tyqf.aa ifydaorhdf.aa Ndrldr;ajhgo
m;aúh'
j¾I 1911 § mruú{dkd¾: iud.fï
uQ,sl;ajfhka msysgjkq ,enQ
The Order
of the Star in East
kï ixúOdkfhaa m%Odkshdf,i l%sIaKuQ¾;s
;=udj m;alf,aah' bkamiq Tyq ráka rg hñka
foaaYk mj;ajñka ish b.ekaùu fnod fokakg
úh' ;ud lsisu wd.ulg cd;shlg fyda
o¾Ykhlg whs;s fkdjk nj t;=ud úiskau
yÿkajd ÿkafkaah'
The
First & Last Freedom, The Only
Revolution, Krishnamurthi’s Notebok
hkq
t;=ud úiska rÑ; .%ka: lsysmhls'
jhi wjqreÿ 90 § t;=ud tlai;a cd;Ska wu;d
iduh iy i;s iïm[A[ nj ^The
Peace & The Awareness&
hk uefhka foaaYkhla meje;aùh' 1984 jif¾§
t;=udj iduh i|ydjk tlai;a cd;Skaf.aa
molalfuka mqokq ,eîh'
t;=udf.aa wjika uyck foaaYkh mje;ajQfhaa
1986 j¾Ifhaa bkaÈhfõ uÿrdis kqjr§h'
ñksidf.aa wdOHd;añl mdßY=oaO;ajh ;=<ska
jvd;a hym;a f,dalhla ìys lrkakg lemjQ fï
fY%aaIaG .=rejrhd 1986 fmnrjß 17 jkÈk
fuf,dúka iuq.;af;aah'
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07 |
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w÷rg w÷r m<jd yeßh fkdyelsh' th
l, yelaflaa wdf,dalhg muKs'
ffjrhg ffjrh m<jd yeßh fkdyelsh'
th l, yelaflaa wdorhg muKs'
ksoyi lsis úfgl;a mSvlhka úiska
ish leue;af;ka ,nd fokakla fkdj
mSä;hka úiska b,a,d isáh
hq;a;ls'
Tng msh.eg fm< iïmQ¾Kfhkau
fkdfmkqko úYajdih úiska tys m<uq
mshjr ;nkq ,efí'
ñksfil=g ñh hEug iqÿiq fyaa;=jla
fidhd .ekSug fkdyelskï Tyq Ôj;a
ùug iqÿiq ke;'
i;=frla ñ;=frla lsÍug iu;a tlu
n,fõ.h wdorh muKs' |
| |
1929 ckjdß 15 jk Èk weÜ,kagdys nemaáiaÜ
foaaj.e;s mjq,l Wmka uhsl,a ¨;¾ lska.a
miqj ud¾áka ¨;¾ lska.a f,i ish ku fjkia
lr.;af;aah' Tyqf.aa mshd fukau iShdo
nemaáiaÜ m,a,sfhaa foaaj.e;sjreka fuka
fiajh lf,dah' 1960 isg ish wjidkh olajdu
ud¾áka ¨;¾ lska.a o fuys iydhl foaaj.e;s
jrfhl= fuka fiaajh lf,aah'
fcda¾ðhdfõ l¨cd;slhka i|ydu fjkafldg
;enQ mdi,lska ud¾áka ¨;¾ ish uq,sl
wOHdmkh ,enqfõh' miqj weÜ,kagdfõ l¨
cd;slhka i|ydu jQ fuda¾ yjqia úoHd,fhka
ish m<uq Wmdêh ,nd .;af;aah' miqj
fndiagka úYajúoHd,hg we;=,;aù tys§ ish
wdpd¾h Wmdêh ,nd .;af;aah'
fndiagka j,§ ud¾áka ¨;¾ lska.a fldfrgd
iafldÜ kï ;reKsh iu. újdy úh' Tjqkag
mq;=ka fofofkl=o ÈhKshka fofofkl=o jQy'
1954 § ud¾áka ¨;¾ we,ndud ys fvlaiag¾
wejksjq nemaáiaÜ m,a,sfhaa
foaaj.e;sjrfhl= f,i fiaajh lf,aah'
fï ld,fhaa§ Tyq l¨ cd;slhkaf.aa isú,a
whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka oeä f,i l%shdldÍ
úh'
1955 § kSf.%da cd;slhka úiska f.k.sh uyd
jev j¾ckhg kdhl;ajh ÿkafkaa ud¾áka ¨;¾
lska.a h' nia r: j,§ l¨ cd;slhkag isÿjk
widOdrKlï ksid Tjqka úiska nia r:j, hEu
j¾ckh lf,dah' fudkaÜf.dauß uyd nia j¾ckh
kï iqm%isoaO fuu j¾ckhg kdhl;ajh
ÿkafkaao ud¾áka ¨;¾ h' Èk 382 la mqrd
mej;s fuu j¾ckh wjidk jQfhaa tlai;a ckmo
fY%aaIaGdêlrKh úiska fuu kSf.%da
cd;slhka ioyd jQ tu wiOdrK kS;s wj,x.=
lsÍfuka wk;=rejh'fïld,fhaa§ Tyqj w;a
wvx.=jg .;af;aah' Tyqf.aa ksjig fndaïn
m%ydr t,a,úh' ;j;a wfkaal úO ysßyer ndOl
j,g ,laúh'
1957;a 1968 ld,h w;r;=r rgmqrd hñka
foaaYk mj;ajñka lska.a úiska l¨
cd;slhkaf.aa whs;sjdislï fjkqfjka ueÈy;a
jqfkaah' fïld,h ;=, Tyq úiska .%ka: myla
muK rpkd lf,aah' l¨ cd;slhkaf.aa Pkao
whs;sh Èkd .ekSug igka lf,aah'
Tyq l, fiaajh Wfoid 1964 jif¾ fkdfn,a
idu ;Hd.fhka mqokq ,eîh' Tyq tA ioyd
,enqkq uqo, isú,a whs;sjdislï Wfoid jk
lghq;= fjkqfjka mß;Hd. lf,aah'
1968 wfm%aa,a 4 jk od fgksisia fmfofiaa
li, fYdaOlhka f.k.sh fm<md,shla fufyhùu
i|yd iyNd.S jQ wdpd¾h ud¾áka ¨;¾ lska.a
ish kjd;efkaa i|¨;,fhaa isáh§
idyislfhl=f.aa fjämyrlg ,laj ñh.sfhaah'
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06 |
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isf;ys yg.kakd Ndjhka tys
is;sú,s fidhd .ekSu;a tu is;sú,s
tys jpk fidhd .ekSu;a ;=<ska
ldjHh WmÈhs'
nexl=jla Tng b;d meyeÈ,s
ld<.=Khla iys; Èkhl§ l=vhla Khg
fohs kï uyd Odrdksmd; j¾Idjl§ th
wdmiq b,a,d isáhs'
rdc ¥;fhl=g fndfydaúg
ldka;djlf.aa WmkaÈkh u;l ;sfnhs'
kuq;a wef.aa jhi u;l ke;'
ujlg ;u orejdf.ka ñksfil= ;ekSug
jir úiaila .;fjhs' kuq;a fjk;a
ldka;djlg Tyqj fudavfhl= lsÍug
.;jkafkaa úkdä úiails'
ndf.g msreKq Y%jKd.drho wmdhlss' |
frdn¾Ü f*%diaÜ
^1874-1963& |
| |
wefußldkq cd;sl lúfhls' msáirno Ôú;h
w,,d h:d¾:jd§j ks¾udK lrKfhaa fh§u
ms<sn|j buy;a m%isoaêhla ,enQfjls'
ldjHhlrKh i|ydu isõ j;djla u mq,sÜi¾
iïudkfhka msÿï ,enQfjls'
wefußldfõ Wmkak o f*%diaÜ miq lf,l
tx.,ka;hg meñKsfhaah' Tyqf.aa m<uq ldjH
ix.%yh
A Boy’s
Will
we;=¨ fndfyda úYsIaG ks¾udKhka ìysjQfhaa
tx.,ka;fhaa§ h' f,aaLk l,djg wu;rj
f*%diaÜ olaI .=rejrfhl=o úh' Tlaia*¾â
flaaïì%Ê we;=¨ ;j;a úYajúoHd, iy Wiia
wOHdmk wdh;k j, f.!rj Wmdêj,ska mqokq
,enQfjls'
f,aaLlhka w;r buy;a f.!rjdorhg m;a jQ
fuu wiydh f,aaLlhd 1963 j¾Ifhaa§
fuf,dúka iuq .;af;aah'
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05 |
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ldjHh Ôú;aùu ms<sn| jQ idlaIshhs' Tfí Ôú;h ukd fldg
oeùhkafkaakï tys b;sßjk w¨ jkafkaa ldjHhhs '
iEu fohlu m¨oaola we;' n,kak" wdf,dalh we;=,a
jkafkaa t;eksks'
Tn" Tn jkakg leu;s wldrhg yeisfrkak' b;d blaukska Tn
tA f,iu fõú
hd×dj mßj¾;khls' ñksfila ;uka b;d wudrefjka
ÈhqKqlr.;a NdIdj WmfhdayS lrf.k ;ukaju" iEufohlau
b,a,k l=vd orefjl= njg mßj¾;kh lr.kshs' |
,sfhdkd¾â fldfyka
^1934-& |
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lefkaaähdkq cd;sl .dhlfhla" .S; rplfhla" ix.S;×fhla"
lúfhla jf.aau kjl;d rplfhla'
1934 fudkaá%h,a ys§ hqfoõ mjq,l ,sfhdkd¾â WmÈkjd'
TNqg jhi wjqreÿ 9 § ish mshd wysñ fjkjd' wOHdmkh
,eîug Tyq ˜fyia,shd˜ Wiia úoHd,hg we;=,a fjkjd' tys§
Tyq .sgd¾ jdokh bf.k.kakjd' miqj Wiia wOhdmkh ,eîug
uela.s,a úYajúoHd,hg we;=,a fjkjd'
tys§ Tyqf.aa m<uq ldjH ix.%yh
Let Us Compare Mythologies
t<soelafjkjd' tA 1956 jif¾§' 1961 jif¾§ t<soelafjk
The Spice-Box of the Earth
kï lD;sh Tyq idys;H ljhka ys ckm%sh pß;hla njg m;a
lrkjd'
1967 § Tyq wefußldjg ixl%ukh fjkjd' tA .dhlfhla
fukau .S; rplfhla f,ig ish m%;sNdj jeäÈhqKq
lr.ekSug' Tyq ck .S ffY,shg jeä keUqrejla olajkjd'
Tyqf.aa m<uq .S; we,anuh
Songs of Leonard Cohen"
1967 jif¾§ ksl=;a fjkjd' bkamiq
Songs From A Room (1969), Songs of Love & Hate
(1971), Live Songs (1973)
jeks .S; we,anu .Kkdjla Tyq t<solajkjd' bkamiq .;jk
oYl foll muK ld,hu Tyq .S; ks¾udKlrKfhaau kshe,S
isákjd'
1996 jif¾§ ,sfhdkd¾â fika nqÿ oyu je<| .kakjd' Tyq
ujqkaÜ neâ,s ys fika wdrdufhaa§ ˜ðldka˜ hk kñka meúÈ
fjkjd' 1999 § Tyq tu wdrduh yer hkjd'
fï ckm%sh l,dlrejdf.aa ix.S; Èúh wo;a wLKAvj .,d
hkjd' Tyq fï jkúg Tyqf.aa .S; m%ix.;a iu. f,dal
ijdßhl kshe,S isákjd'
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04 |
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pHdmßlhd ish jD;a;sh fjkqfjka iodl,a iudj wheo
isákafkls'
fydo kjl;dla wmg tys ùrhd ms<sno i;Hhh t<slrhs' tfy;a
krl kjl;djla tys l;=jrhd ms<sno i;Hhh t<slrhs
fmd;a m;a ke;s ldurhla wd;auhla ke;s YÍrhla n÷h'
l,djg tysu iSudjka ;sfí' n,kak' rEmhl jvd;au jeo.;a
fldgi tys rduqjhs' |
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ckudOHh fndfydaúg iukaú; jkafkaa ˜jxYdêm;s fcdakaia
ñh.syska˜ jeks m%jD;a;s j,sks' kuq;a tA lsis Èfkl
˜jxYdêm;s fcdakaia˜ Ôj;aj isá nj fkdokakd ck;djla
fjkqfjks'
fndkak' ld,lkaKslug fkdj i;=áka kï muKla fndkak' |
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.s,an¾Ü lS;a fpiag¾gka
^1874-1936& |
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úisjk ishjfiaa uq,a Nd.fhaa úiQ bx.%Sis cd;sl f,aaLlfhla' Bg wu;rj
ckudOHh" o¾Ykh jeks lafIaa;% j,o Tyq ish oialï mEjd'
fpiag¾gka yeÈkafjkafkaa
The Prince of
Paradox
f,ihs' tA Tyqf.aa f,aLk ffY,sh ksid' neÆ ne,aug tAjd
mriamr úfrdaë f,i fmfk;;a i;H jYfhkau iqúi,a w¾:hla .eíù
;sfnkjd'
1874 uehs 29 jk Èk fpiag¾gka" flkaiskagka j,§ Wm; ,nkjd'
Tyq Ydka; fmda,a úoHd,fhka bf.kqu wrUkjd' Tyq iaf,aaâ
úoHd,fhka iy ,kavka hqksj¾isá fld,Sðfhka l,dj yodrkjd'
kuq;a Tyq ish Wmdêh iïmQ¾K lrkafkaa keye' tA fjkqjg Tyq
frâfõ iy à *sY¾ jeks m%ldYk wdh;kj, fiaajh lrkjd' tA
ksoyia f,aaLlfhla fukau idys;H iy l,dj iïnkaO úpdrlfhla
f,ihs' 1901 jif¾ Tyq újdy fjkjd'
jdo újdo mej;aùu fpiag¾gka f.aa úfkdaodxYhla' Tyqf.aa wiuiu ñ;=rd
fcda¾Ê n¾kdâ fIda" tÉ'Ô fõ,aia" n¾g%kaâ ri,a jeks
m%nqoaO iuld,Skhka iu. jdo lsÍug fyaa jeä leue;a;la
oelajQjd' fpiag¾gka ,shQ fmd;a .Kk 80la muK fjkjd' Bg
wu;rj flál;do" lúo kdgHo Tyq úiska rpkd lr ;sfnkjd'
f,dal m%lg ì%geksld úYajfldaIhg Tyq ,sms ,Sjd' tA pd,aia
älkia .ek' fpiag¾gka ryia mÍlaIl l;d rplfhla' ˜n%jqka
msh;=ud˜ Tyqf.aa m%isoaOu ryia mÍlaIl pß;h' kefmda,shka
T*a fkdáka ys,a" o uEka yQ fjdaia ;¾iafâ" o tj,diaáka
uEka Tyqf.aa ;j;a w.%.kH ks¾udKhka'
fï m%lg f,aaLlhd 1936 cQks 14 jkÈk fuf,dúka iuq .kakjd'
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03 |
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jeäukla i;=g ord .ekSu f,dl=u fõokdjla ord .ekSug jvd
yeu w;skau wiSreh'
urKh'' th fjkalsÍula fukau tla lsÍuls' th ish¨u my;a
.Kfhaa yeÕSu ksyv lrjhs'
lsisfjla lsisÈfkl ldka;djlg wdorh lrhs kï tA weh ,iaik
ksid fyda le; ksid fyda tfiaa;a ke;akï nqoaêu;a ksid
fyda fudav ksidfyda fkdj tA ieneúkau wehg wdorh ksihs'
ujlf.aa yoj; m;=,la fkdfmfkkd uyd w.dOhls' tys m;=,skau
iEuúgu Tn flfrys jQ ohdj WmÈhs' |
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foaaYmd,ksl ksoyi" cd;sl ksoyi jf.aau úoHdjo ;Hd.hka h'
tAjd fldf;la ñ, wêlo lSfjd;a ffojh úiska tys ñ, ;Skaÿ
lrkq ,nkafkaa reêrfhks' |
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fydfkdf¾ ä n,aiela
^1799-1850& |
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m%xY cd;sl kjl;dlrefjla jf.aau kdgH rplfhla' Tyqf.aa
úYsIaG;u ks¾udK tl;=j ,d fldfuä yshqfuka hkq
kefmda,shka wêrdcHhdf.aa ì|jeàfuka miq m%xY ckÔú;h
úoydolajk levm;ls'
1799 § fydfkdf¾ Wm; ,nkjd' tA Okh iy lS¾;sh Wfoid wr.,
lrk mjq,l' Wmka jydu jf.aa fydfkdf¾j lsßujla fj;
hefjkjd' Bg jirlg miq Tyqf.aa nd, fidfydhqßho tu lsß uj
fj;u hefjkjd' jir 4 lg miq Tjqyq h<s;a ish mjq, fj;
meñfKkjd' tfy;a Tjqkaj fkdi,ld yefrkjd' miq lf,l tkï
1835 § Tyq úiska ,shk,o ˜f, ,sia vkaia , je,S˜ fyj;a
The Lilies of The Valley
kï kjl;dfjys tk we;eï pß;" Tyq l=vdl, ú¢ fï lgql
w;aoelSu weiqßka f.dvkef.kjd'
jhi wjqreÿ 8 § n,aiela ˜fjkafvdafï˜ ys ydId mdie, fj;
hefjkjd' mshdf.ka n,aiela g ,efnkafkaa b;d iq¨ uqo,la'
Tyq wfkl=;a Okj;a YsIhka f.ka fldka fjkjd' ;jo n,aiela
hkq bf.kSfuys ÿ¾j,;djhka f.ka fm¨kq flfkla' Tyq
ksrka;rfhkau o~qjï ldurh fj; hefjkjd' 1832 § Tyq úiska
,shk,o ˜¨hsia ,eïn¾Ü˜ kï kjl;dfjys Tyqf.aa fuu
fjkafvdafï ys mdie,ald,h wmQrejg úoyd oelafjkjd'
1829 § Tyq ish m<uq .S; kdglh ˜f,aa fldfihsfr˜
t<solajkjd' kuq;a thg ix.S; Ys,amSka fidhd.ekSfï
w¾nqohla mek k.skjd' kjl;d lsysmhlau ,sùfuka wk;=rej
1832 § n,aiela ish §¾>;u ks¾udKh tkï wE÷;= kjl;d
.Kkdjlska iy ;j;a kdgH .Kkdjlska hqla; ˜,d fldfuä
yshqfïka˜
(La
Comédie humaine),
wdrïN lrkjd' fuys tk we;eï ks¾udK wiïmQ¾Khs' we;eï
tjdfhaa we;af;aa ud;Dldj muKhs'ish Ôú;ld,h ;=, n,aiela
úiska rÑ; ish¨u lD;Ska fuhg we;=,;a lr ;sfhkjd' iudcfhaa
ish¨ me;slv ú.%y flfrk wdldrfhaa ks¾udKhka wvx.= fuu
iqõYd, ks¾udKh n,aiela f.aa Ôjk lD;sh fukau Tyqf.aa
úYsIaG;u ks¾udKh f,i ie,flkjd' ish ks¾udKj, oelafjk m%xY
ckÔú;fhaa h:d iajrEmh iy wixIssma; nj ksidu n,aiela
hqfrdamfhaa uq,au h:d¾:jd§ f,aaLlhkaf.ka tla wfhl= f,i
ie,flkjd'
f,dal idys;Hhg wurKSh fiaajhla l, fï w;s úYsIaG
ks¾udKlrejd 1850 wf.daia;= 18 jkÈk fuf,dúka iuq.kakjd'
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fmd;la hkq we;eï úg WoHdkhla" m<;=re Whkla ke;akï
m%sh iïNdIKhla fuks' tfukau th .nvdjla jdf.aau ñ;%
iud.uls' ;j;a úfgl th WmfoaaYlfhla ke;akï
WmfoaaYlhka msßils'
jdlH rpkhl§ jqj lï ke;" yels iEuúgu lúfhla jkak'
ñksfila Ôú;fhaa ienE ;;ajhka ms<sfkd.kafkaao Tyq ish
wd;auh úl=Khs'
l,dj flfrysjQ Wu;= wYdj" wyqfjk iEu fohlau ld oukd
by| mKqfjla fuks'
l,dfõ .¾NdIfhkau úfõpkho WmÈhs' |
pd,aia nõfvf,h¾
^1821-1867& |
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19 jk ishjfiaa m%xYfhaa Ôj;a jQ lúfhla" úpdrlfhla
jdf.aau mßj¾;lfhla'
The
Flowers Of Evil
kï Tyqf.aa lD;sh m%xY idys;Hfhaa w.% .kH ks¾udKhla
f,i ie,flkjd'
1821 m%xYfhaa meßia k.rfhaa§ pd,aia njqfvf,h¾ Wm;
,nkjd' Tyqg jhi wjqreÿ 6 § ish mshd wysñ fjkjd'
bkamiq Tyqf.aa uj kej; jrla újdy fjkjd' tA ¨;skka
l¾k,a celajia ´msla iu.' celajia ´msla f.aa b;d oeä
úkh kS;s Í;s hgf;aa ye§ jefvkakg l=vd pd,aiag isÿ
fjkjd'
wOHdmkh ,eîu i|yd pd,aiag ˜,sfhdka˜ fj; hEug
isÿfjkjd' tys§ fkaajdisl Ôú;hla .; lrk pd,aiag jdr
wjidkfhaa ksjig meñKSu mjd ish iq¿mshd úiska ;ykï
lrkq ,nkjd' pd,ia f.aa fuu mdie,a ld,h b;d
lK.dgqodhl iy ÿlaÅ; tlla' tA .ek miqj i|yka lrk
pd,aia yojf;ys /¢ oreKq yqfol,djo" wka isiqka f.aa
lDDr Ndjho /¢ w;ayer oeuQfjl=f.aa <ud ld,hla f,ig kï
lrkjd'
1839 § pd,aia ish Wmdêh ksu lrkjd' ieneúkau Tyqf.aa
wkd.;h wúksYaÑ;hs' Tyqf.aa iq¿mshd f.aa woyi Tyq
kS;s lafIaa;%fhaa fyda rdc ¥; fiaajdjka fj;
fhduqlrjkak' tfy;a pd,aia idys;H lafIaa;%hu f;dar
.kakjd' bkamiqj .;jQ wjqreÿ lsysmh b;d wl%uj;a tlla'
Tyq wfkl=;a fndysñhdkq l,dlrejka iu. wruqKq rys;
Ôú;hla .; lrkjd'
fïjkúg l,d ljhkays fcaa;a;=ldrfhla f,i m%lg ù isák
pd,aiag 1844 § muK ;j;a fY%aaIaG m%xY cd;sl kjl;d
lrefjla iy kdgH rplfhla jk n,aiela ^fydfkdf¾ ä
n,aiela& j uqK.efykjd' pd,aia f.aa
The
Flowers Of Evil
kï lD;sfhaa tk fndfyda lú ,shefjkafkaa bka miqjhs'
Tyqf.aa uq,au m%ldYkh
Salon 1845
ys l,d úpdrh fndfyda fofkl=f.aa wjOdkhg ,la fjkjd'
tA Tyq th lr we;s ks¾NS; iajNdjh ksid'
1857 § pd,aia f.aa jvd;a ckm%sh iy Wiiau l%=;sh jk
The
Flowers Of Evil
kï lD;sh ksl=;a fjkjd' tjlg isá úpdrlhka fuh
y÷kajkafkaa ldufhaa;a l,dfõ;a lúfhaa;a Wiiau lD;sh
f,ihs'
bkamiq fï fY%aaIaG f,aaLlhd fhduq fjkafkaa .%ka:
mßj¾;khghs' f;dauia ä laúkais kï f,aaLlhdf.aa
Confession of an English Opeum Eater
kï lD;sh o Bg miq ;j;a fndfyda lD;skao Tyq w;ska
mßj¾;kh fjkjd'
1859 § muK jk úg Tyqf.aa qfi!LH ;;ajh l%ufhka
msßfykakg mgka .kakjd' È.= l,la ;siafiaa .; l,
wmßlaIdldÍ Ôú;ho" oeä udkisl mSvkhkao ÿmam;aluo fuhg
fyaa;=jla fjkjd' Tyqf.aa Ôú;fhaa wjika wjqreÿ lsysmh
.;jkafkaa w¾O jYfhka wxYNd.S ;;ajhl' Ôú; ld,hu ;uka
weoyQ l,dj iy o¾Ykh ;=<u Ôj;ajQ fï fY%aaIaG f,aaLlhd
1867 wf.daia;= 31 jk Èk fuf,dj yer hkjd' kuq;a tA
f,daljdiS ieug lshùugo ri ú£ugo Wiia lD;Ska /ila
odho lsÍfuka wk;=rejhs'
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01 |
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lúfhlag ñksfil= ulfrl= urd oeóula .ek ,súh yelsh'
tfy;a ñksfil= fnd;a;ula Tnd fndaïnhla w;yeÍu .ek
,súh fkdyelsh'
fmd;la hkq wm úiska lshjk ,oaola fkdj wmj lshjkakls'
ud úiska m%sh flfrkakjqka w;ßka ug fidhd.ekSug yels
fmdÿ ,laIKhla fkdue;' kuq;a Tjqyq iEu úgu ud i;=fgka
;n;s'
uu;ajh ì|jegqkq ;ekskau l,dj Wm§'
urKh''''' tA flfiaaoh;a úfkdao pdßldjl kshq;=jQjkag
wE;ska wefikd fyK y~la
fuks' |
úiagka yshq ´fvka
^1907-1973& |
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Wystan Hugh Auden
fyj;a
W.H Auden
úisfjks ishjfiaa hqfrdamfhaa úiQ olaI f,aaLlfhla'
wdorh" foaaYmd,kh" kd.ßl Ôú;h" wd.u jeks lreKq
Tiafiaa Tyq ks¾udKlrkfhaa fhÿkd' tx.,ka;fhaa
˜fhdala˜ m%foaaYfhaa bmÿkq ´fvka miqlf,l n¾ñkayeï
m%foaaYhg meñfKkjd' Tlaia*¾â úYajúoHd,fhaa Ôj úoHdj
yeoEÍug YsIH;ajhlao ,nd .kakd ´fvka tys fofjks jif¾§
Ôj úoHdj w;yer bx.%Sis NdIdj iy idys;H fj;g
fhduqfjkjd'
´fvka ish m<uq lD;sh jk
Poems
m%ldYhg m;a lrkafkaa 1937 j¾Ifhaa§' miqj
whsia,ka;fhaa ;ud .;l, ld,h w,,d
Letters From Iceland
kï .%ka:ho Ök cmdk hqoaOh w,,d
Journy to a war
kï .%ka:ho m< lrkjd' ´fvka f.aa m%ldYs; lú ks¾udKhka
m%udKh ydrishhlg wêlhs' ´fvka f.aa ks¾udKhka ;=,
idïm%odhsl f,aaLk l,dfõ uqyqKqjr fukau úisjkishjfiaa
hqfrdamfhaa kQ;kjd§ ,laIKo wvx.=fjkjd' Tyq
foaaYmd,kslj fukau ks¾udKlrKfhaa§ o jdudxYsl u;
oerEfjla' ´fvka wka whf.aa .!rjhg fukau b;d oeä
úfjpkhkag o ,lajQfjla'
ldjHh ks¾udKlrKh fukau ´fvka Ñ;%mg i|ydo odhl
jQfjla' tA we;eï jd¾;d Ñ;%mg wOHCIkh fukau ;sr rpkh
i|ydo odhl ùfuka' fï fYaa%IaG l,dlrejd 1973
iema;eïn¾ 29 jkod fuf,dúka iuq.kakjd' Tyqf.aa
urKfhka miqj;a Tyqf.aa
Funeral Blues
iy
September 1,1939
jeks ks¾udK Ñ;%mg iy wfkl=;a m%isoaO udOH yryd f,dj
mqrd m%p,s; fjkjd'
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wkqIal ;s,lr;ak |
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[Best viewed in 1152
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w w w . b o o n d i . l
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boondionline@gmail.com |
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jdfka mkakrh ,enQ yeá |
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ñksidf.aa mru Okh
Tyq i;= Ôú;hhs' th Tyqg ,efnkqfhaa tla j;djla muKs' tu ksid Tyq
Ôj;a úh hq;af;aa" f.ù .sh ld,h .ek jo fok is;a ;ejq,aj,g bv
fkd;nñks' kSp jQ;a" ksjg jQ;a w;S;hla ms<sn| we;s úh yels oefjk
,Êcdj lsis lf,lj;a fkdjk f,igh' tneúka uq¿uy;a f,dalfhaau we;s
Wiiau fiaajh jk ñksia j¾.hdf.aa úuqla;sh i|yd f.k hk igkg
;udf.aa uq¿ Ôú;hu" uq¿ Yla;shu" lem l< nj ;ud uefrk fudfydf;aa
m%ldY lsÍug yels jk wkaoñka Ôj;a úh hq;=h'
iajd¾:ldñhd wka yeugu fmr ñh hhs' Tyq fuf,dj Ôj;ajkafkaa ;ud
i|yd muKls' Tyqf.aa ˜uu;ajh˜ mE.+ flfkysu Tyqg Ôj;a ùug lsisjla
ke;af;aah' tfy;a ñksfila iudcfhaa jqjukdjka iu. Ôj;ajk úg" Tyq
iudch iu. tlg fjf<k úg" Tyq úkdY lr oeóu wiSreh'
-ksfld,dhs Tiaf;%daõials-
^tia' f;%aa.=í ,shQ ˜ùfrdaodr Ôú;hla˜ weiqfrka' m%ldYkh -
iudcjd§ l,d ix.uh& |
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